Low-Rise Precast Solutions for Disaster-Resilient Housing in Sri Lanka

Prof Priyan Mendis

I introduced systematic precast modular solutions to Australia, about 15 years back, through the Centre, Advanced Manufacturing of Precast Modular Housing (CAMPH). I am the founder and Director of the Centre. Precast concrete construction offers rapid, cost-effective, and durable housing solutions and it is ideal for communities displaced by landslides and flooding in Sri Lanka's vulnerable regions. Also a number of present housing areas can’t be used as they are vulnerable to future events. Due to land scarcity low-rise solutions up to about 4 stories would be more efficient and cost-effective. The solutions we have already developed with my vast experience in both Australia and Sri Lanka can be extended to find housing solutions for the displaced communities affected by the present disaster.

There are key Design Considerations such as site-specific adaptations, elevated foundations and reinforced footings designed for potential soil instability. Drainage integration with built-in water management around structures and landslide protection with retaining walls and slope stabilization where needed are also very important.

Precast Components Systems can be used wherever it is possible, including for foundation elements, wall panels and roof systems. Preferably weight can be reduced to help transportation, lifting and placing the precast elements. Joint and connections have to be carefully designed, in addition to the precast walls.

Water-resistant concrete with proper damp-proofing has to be used. Climate considerations with insulated panels will also help for energy efficiency.

Environmental Sustainability solutions including use of recycled concrete aggregates, the incorporation of waste materials, solar panels etc . can be considered.

There are some technical challenges and it is very important for qualified consultants, proper precast manufacturers, and skilled contractors are involved to develop precast and modular designs. Other challenges include transportation to difficult terrains, foundation Issues such as site-specific soil stabilisation techniques and cultural and social considerations.

Prof Priyan Mendis